Tutorial Outline: Accessible Media
Background
Part of New Tutorials work
- General requirements for new tutorials:
New Accessibility Tutorials Requirements Analysis
- Landing page for current WAI Tutorials set
- Alternative version (based on original version of this tutorial; original is now renamed and moved here).
Approach
- An overview of what to do to make media accessible on the web, including:
- captions, transcripts, and audio description of video;
- discussion of manual vs draft automated captions vs human-corrected auto-generated captions.
Status
- This is an updated draft outline, subject to change, renamed from "Tutorial Outline: Captions" to Tutorial Outline: Accessible Media. It continues to be under review by EOWG.
- Input welcome in Github repository on WAI Tutorials, with label "captions."
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 1) Tutorial Outline: Accessible Media
Accessible Media Concepts
- Accessibility of media: think multi-modal access to information
- briefest description of captions, subtitles in other languages, transcripts, audio description
- "captions are just text, conveyed through markup – text, time codes and positioning -- rest is frosting"
- concept of quality in accessibility information
- briefest description of captions, subtitles in other languages, transcripts, audio description
- Technical requirements for accessible media (W3C resources)
- WCAG 2.0, ATAG 2.0, MAUR
- transcript vs synchronized captions vs closed described video
- caption requirements for pre-recorded media vs live-streaming
- audio descriptions: human-recorded vs text-to-speech (the latter being on-the-fly vs pre-recorded)
- audio-description requirements for pre-recorded media vs live-streaming
- Overview of production options
- Brief discussion of manual vs automated captions vs human-corrected
- Choice of captioning technologies and formats
- Brief discussion of audio-description production (broadcast/non-broadcast)
- Policy requirements for accessible media (non-W3C resources)
- may depend on country, jurisdiction, times available, etc
- concept of essentiality in different settings
- education, workplace, entertainment, etc
Why accessible media matters
- Need for and rights of access to communication & information
- why and when different types of accessibility information is important
- what happens when captions and description is missing
- why quality matters: captions (draw parallels between poor-quality audio and poor-quality captions)
- why quality matters: audio descriptions (examples of too little/too much information)
- Accessible media provisions in W3C resources
- from WCAG 2.0
- from ATAG 2.0
- from MAUR
- Varied requirements in policy settings
- Links to "Policy References" (being updated -- check timeline)
- Auxiliary benefits of captions and description
- [brief] search, language learning, learning to read, learning disabilities, noisy background, quiet environment, etc
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 2) Captions: Basic Concepts and Examples
- Caption concepts
- including current timed-text format options (mention legacy formats)
- pre-produced vs live
- pop-on vs roll-up (vs paint-on?); typical use of each
- non-speech information
- Caption examples
- pop-on, roll-up
- Caption tools
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 3) Captions: Auto-Generated Concepts and Examples
- Auto-generated caption concepts
- Quality vs speed/convenience (i.e., responsible use of auto-generated captions)
- Transforming draft auto-generated captions to quality captions (using auto-generated captions merely as a step in the captioning process, not as an end)
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 4) Captions: Multilingual Captioning and Multilingual Subtitling
- Captions and Subtitles: concepts
- Associating multiple caption tracks and subtitles to a single video file
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 5) Captions: Transcript Concepts and Examples
- Transcript concepts
- Transcript examples
- Transcript tools
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 6) Audio Description: Concepts and Examples
- Audio description concepts
- including human-recorded descriptions, text audio descriptions (both pre-recorded and on-the-fly), timing considerations, quality considerations, format options
- human-recorded vs text audio descriptions: appropriate use of each
- Description examples (both human-recorded and text) and tools
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 7) Supporting Applications and Players for Accessible Media
- Purpose of ATAG 2.0
- In what ways can ATAG 2.0 support caption generation
- Basic expectations for captioning support in authoring tools
- Player considerations
- Basic features to look for
- Features that provide advanced support [link to other resources]
(DRAFT TUTORIAL PAGE 8) Decision Trees for Accessible Media
- When to use captions vs transcripts vs both
- When to add audio descriptions
- Ease of development vs meeting quality objectives
- Selecting development tools
Change log
- Added approach, status, notes, change log
- Re-arranged and expanded content; structured more clearly into pages
- Careful of scope creep
- Check issues in Github repository log labeled "captions."
Support
- U.S. Access Board, WCAG TA Project, Task 2
- Contributors, acknowledgments