Modularization of XHTML™ 2.0

W3C Editor's Draft 23 January 2009

This version:: http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/2009/ED-xhtml-modularization2-20090123
Latest public version:: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization2
Previous Recommendation:: http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xhtml-modularization-20081008
Editors:: Mark Birbeck, x-port.net; Markus Gylling, DAISY Consortium; Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology; Steven Pemberton, CWI (XHTML 2 Working Group Co-Chair)

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: Single XHTML file, PostScript version, PDF version, ZIP archive, and Gzip'd TAR archive.

Copyright © 2001-2009 W3C^® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.

Abstract

This Working Draft specifies an abstract modularization of XHTML and an implementation of the abstraction using XML Document Type Definitions (DTDs), XML Schema, and RelaxNG. This modularization provides a means for subsetting and extending XHTML, a feature needed to permit the definition of custom markup languages that are targeted at specific classes of devices or specific types of documents.

Status of This Document

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C.

This document is the development version of a very early form and is riddled with errors. It should in no way be considered stable, and should not be referenced for any purposes whatsoever.

This document has been produced by the W3C XHTML 2 Working Group as part of the HTML Activity. The goals of the XHTML 2 Working Group are discussed in the XHTML 2 Working Group charter.

This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.

Please report errors in this specification to www-html-editor@w3.org (archive). It is inappropriate to send discussion email to this address. Public discussion may take place on www-html@w3.org (archive).

Quick Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Terms and Definitions
3. Conformance Definition
4. Module Definition Conventions
5. XHTML Attribute Collections
6. XHTML Document Module
7. XHTML Structural Module
8. XHTML Text Module
9. XHTML Hypertext Module
10. XHTML List Module
11. XHTML Core Attributes Module
12. XHTML Hypertext Attributes Module
13. XHTML I18N Attribute Module
14. XHTML Bi-directional Text Attribute Module
15. XHTML Caption Module
16. XHTML Edit Attributes Module
17. XHTML Embedding Attributes Module
18. XHTML Image Module
19. XHTML Image Map Attributes Module
20. XHTML Media Attribute Module
21. XHTML Metainformation Module
22. XHTML Object Module
23. XHTML Style Sheet Module
24. XHTML Style Attribute Module
25. XHTML Tables Module
A. Building XHTML Relax NG Modules
B. Developing XHTML Relax NG with defined and extended modules
C. XHTML RELAX NG Module Implementations
D. Building Schema Modules
E. Developing Schema with defined and extended modules
F. XHTML Schema Module Implementations
G. Building DTD Modules
H. Developing DTDs with defined and extended modules
I. XHTML DTD Module Implementations
J. List of Elements
K. List of Attributes
L. Cross-reference Index
M. References
N. Acknowledgements

Full Table of Contents

1. Introduction
- 1.1. What is XHTML?
- 1.2. What is XHTML Modularization?
- 1.3. Why Modularize XHTML?
  - 1.3.1. Abstract modules
  - 1.3.2. Module implementations
  - 1.3.3. Hybrid document types
  - 1.3.4. Validation
  - 1.3.5. Formatting Model
- 1.4. Issues
2. Terms and Definitions
3. Conformance Definition
- 3.1. XHTML Host Language Document Type Conformance
- 3.2. XHTML Integration Set Document Type Conformance
- 3.3. XHTML Family Module Conformance
- 3.4. XHTML Family Document Conformance
- 3.5. XHTML Family User Agent Conformance
- 3.6. Naming Rules
- 3.7. XHTML Module Evolution
4. Module Definition Conventions
- 4.1. Module Structure
- 4.2. Abstract Module Definitions
- 4.3. Syntactic Conventions
- 4.4. Content Models
- 4.5. Attribute Types
- 4.6. Issues
5. XHTML Attribute Collections
- 5.1. Issues
6. XHTML Document Module
- 6.1. The html element
- 6.2. The head element
- 6.3. The title element
- 6.4. The body element
7. XHTML Structural Module
- 7.1. The address element
- 7.2. The blockcode element
- 7.3. The blockquote element
- 7.4. The div element
- 7.5. The heading elements
- 7.6. The p element
- 7.7. The pre element
- 7.8. The section element
- 7.9. The separator element
- 7.10. Issues
8. XHTML Text Module
- 8.1. The abbr element
- 8.2. The cite element
- 8.3. The code element
- 8.4. The dfn element
- 8.5. The em element
- 8.6. The kbd element
- 8.7. The l element
- 8.8. The q element
- 8.9. The samp element
- 8.10. The span element
- 8.11. The strong element
- 8.12. The sub element
- 8.13. The sup element
- 8.14. The var element
- 8.15. Issues
9. XHTML Hypertext Module
- 9.1. The a element
10. XHTML List Module
- 10.1. Definition lists: the dl, di, dt, and dd elements
- 10.2. The nl element
- 10.3. The ol and ul elements
- 10.4. The li element
- 10.5. Issues
11. XHTML Core Attributes Module
- 11.1. Core Attribute Collection
12. XHTML Hypertext Attributes Module
- 12.1. Hypertext Attribute Collection
- 12.2. Issues
13. XHTML I18N Attribute Module
- 13.1. I18N Attribute Collection
- 13.2. Issues
14. XHTML Bi-directional Text Attribute Module
- 14.1. Bi-directional Text Collection
  - 14.1.1. Inheritance of text direction information
  - 14.1.2. The effect of style sheets on bidirectionality
- 14.2. Issues
15. XHTML Caption Module
- 15.1. The caption element
16. XHTML Edit Attributes Module
- 16.1. Edit Collection
17. XHTML Embedding Attributes Module
- 17.1. Embedding Attribute Collection
- 17.2. Issues
18. XHTML Image Module
- 18.1. The img element
19. XHTML Image Map Attributes Module
- 19.1. Image Map Attribute Collection
20. XHTML Media Attribute Module
- 20.1. Media Attribute Collection
21. XHTML Metainformation Module
- 21.1. The link element
  - 21.1.1. Forward and reverse links
  - 21.1.2. Links and search engines
- 21.2. The meta element
  - 21.2.1. meta and search engines
- 21.3. Issues
22. XHTML Object Module
- 22.1. The object element
  - 22.1.1. Defining terminology
  - 22.1.2. Basic Information for Object Handlers
  - 22.1.3. Rules for processing objects
- 22.2. The param element
  - 22.2.1. Referencing object data
  - 22.2.2. Object element declarations and instantiations
- 22.3. The standby element
23. XHTML Style Sheet Module
- 23.1. The style element
  - 23.1.1. External style sheets
  - 23.1.2. Preferred and alternate style sheets
  - 23.1.3. Specifying external style sheets
24. XHTML Style Attribute Module
- 24.1. Style Attribute Collection
- 24.2. Issues
25. XHTML Tables Module
- 25.1. The col and colgroup elements
  - 25.1.1. Calculating the number of columns in a table
- 25.2. The summary element
- 25.3. The table element
  - 25.3.1. Visual Rendering
  - 25.3.2. Table directionality
  - 25.3.3. Table rendering by non-visual user agents
- 25.4. The tbody element
- 25.5. The td and th elements
  - 25.5.1. Cells that span several rows or columns
- 25.6. The thead and tfoot elements
- 25.7. The tr element
- 25.8. Issues
A. Building XHTML Relax NG Modules
- A.1. Defining the Namespace of a Module
  - A.1.1. Qualified Names sub-module
  - A.1.2. Declaration sub-module(s)
  - A.1.3. Using the module as a stand-alone DTD
  - A.1.4. Namespace Idiosyncrasies
B. Developing XHTML Relax NG with defined and extended modules
- B.1. Defining additional attributes
- B.2. Defining additional elements
- B.3. Defining the content model for a collection of modules
  - B.3.1. Integrating a stand-alone module into XHTML
  - B.3.2. Mixing a new module throughout the modules in XHTML
- B.4. Creating a new DTD
  - B.4.1. Creating a simple DTD
  - B.4.2. Creating a DTD by extending XHTML
  - B.4.3. Creating a DTD by removing and replacing XHTML modules
  - B.4.4. Creating a new DTD
- B.5. Using the new DTD
C. XHTML RELAX NG Module Implementations
- C.1. XHTML Module Implementations
  - C.1.1. Attribute Collections
  - C.1.2. Document
  - C.1.3. Structural
  - C.1.4. Text
  - C.1.5. Hypertext
  - C.1.6. List
  - C.1.7. Core Attributes
  - C.1.8. Hypertext Attributes
  - C.1.9. I18N Attribute
  - C.1.10. Access
  - C.1.11. Bi-directional Text Attribute
  - C.1.12. Edit Attributes
  - C.1.13. Embedding Attributes
  - C.1.14. Image
  - C.1.15. Image Map Attributes
  - C.1.16. Media Attribute
  - C.1.17. Metainformation Attributes
  - C.1.18. Metainformation
  - C.1.19. Object
  - C.1.20. Role Access
  - C.1.21. Style Attribute
  - C.1.22. Style Sheet
  - C.1.23. Tables
- C.2. XHTML RELAX NG Support Modules
  - C.2.1. Datatypes
  - C.2.2. Events
  - C.2.3. Param
  - C.2.4. Caption
  - C.2.5. Role Attribute
- C.3. RELAX NG External Modules
  - C.3.1. Ruby
  - C.3.2. Ruby Driver for Full Ruby Markup
  - C.3.3. XML Events
  - C.3.4. XML Handlers
  - C.3.5. XML Script
  - C.3.6. XML Schema instance
D. Building Schema Modules
- D.1. Named Content Models
- D.2. Defining the Namespace of a Module
  - D.2.1. Global and Local Element Declarations
  - D.2.2. Global and Local Attribute Declarations
- D.3. Importing External Namespace Schema Components
- D.4. Datatype Definitions and Namespaces
- D.5. Content Model Redefinitions
E. Developing Schema with defined and extended modules
- E.1. Defining additional attributes
- E.2. Defining additional elements
- E.3. Defining the content model for a collection of modules
  - E.3.1. Integrating a stand-alone module into XHTML
  - E.3.2. Mixing a new module throughout the modules in XHTML
- E.4. Creating a new Document Type
  - E.4.1. Creating a simple Document Type
  - E.4.2. Creating a Language by extending XHTML
  - E.4.3. Creating a Language by removing and replacing XHTML modules
  - E.4.4. Creating a the new Document Type
F. XHTML Schema Module Implementations
- F.1. Required Modules
  - F.1.1. Datatypes Module
  - F.1.2. Document Module
  - F.1.3. Structural Module
  - F.1.4. Text Module
  - F.1.5. Hypertext Module
  - F.1.6. List Module
  - F.1.7. Core Attributes Module
  - F.1.8. Hypertext Attributes Module
  - F.1.9. I18N Attribute Module
- F.2. Optional Modules
  - F.2.1. Bi-directional Text Module
  - F.2.2. Caption Module
  - F.2.3. Edit Attributes Module
  - F.2.4. Embedding Attributes Module
  - F.2.5. Image Module
  - F.2.6. Image Map Attributes Module
  - F.2.7. Media Attribute Module
  - F.2.8. Metainformation Module
  - F.2.9. Metainformation Attributes Module
  - F.2.10. Object Module
  - F.2.11. Style Sheet Module
  - F.2.12. Style Attribute Module
  - F.2.13. Tables Module
- F.3. Modules from Other Specifications
  - F.3.1. Access Module
  - F.3.2. Role Attribute Module
  - F.3.3. Ruby Module
  - F.3.4. XForms Modules
  - F.3.5. XML Events Module
  - F.3.6. XML Handlers Module
  - F.3.7. XML Scripting Module
G. Building DTD Modules
- G.1. Defining the Namespace of a Module
  - G.1.1. Qualified Names sub-module
  - G.1.2. Declaration sub-module(s)
  - G.1.3. Using the module as a stand-alone DTD
  - G.1.4. Namespace Idiosyncrasies
H. Developing DTDs with defined and extended modules
- H.1. Defining additional attributes
- H.2. Defining additional elements
- H.3. Defining the content model for a collection of modules
  - H.3.1. Integrating a stand-alone module into XHTML
  - H.3.2. Mixing a new module throughout the modules in XHTML
- H.4. Creating a new DTD
  - H.4.1. Creating a simple DTD
  - H.4.2. Creating a DTD by extending XHTML
  - H.4.3. Creating a DTD by removing and replacing XHTML modules
  - H.4.4. Creating a new DTD
- H.5. Using the new DTD
I. XHTML DTD Module Implementations
- I.1. XHTML Modular Framework
- I.2. XHTML Module Implementations
- I.3. XHTML DTD Support Modules
J. List of Elements
K. List of Attributes
L. Cross-reference Index
M. References
- M.1. Normative References
- M.2. Informative References
N. Acknowledgements