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The [element declaration] and [type definition] properties on elements are described as applying whenever an element is valid against an element declaration / type definition. On the face of it, the text implies that every element must be validated against every element declaration and type definition in the schema. The text should say that the [element declation] is present if the element is valid against its context-determined declaration, and that the value of the property is that context-determined declaration. And so similarly for [type definition], with the added possibility of the value having been specified in xsi:type.