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Section 3.11.1 of Structures, the schema component definition for identity constraints states that {fields} is a list of restricted XPath expressions, and that {selector} is a restricted XPath expression. Section 3.11.2, the XML representation for <field> and <selector> allows an <annotation>. There is no schema component to which this annotation can adhere. See http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-xml-schema-comments/2001JulSep/0079.html
Tentative resolution: http://www.w3.org/XML/Group/2001/10/xml-schema-ftf-minutes#ab1b3b3b3b1b2 Resolution An erratum will be created specifying promotion, and the issue will be included in the candidate list of items to consider for 1.1 Proposed erratum, included in the following http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-xml-schema-ig/2002Aug/0005.html was approved at the Sept. 13 concall. Erratum E1-14 added