15:55:02 RRSAgent has joined #rdf-star 15:55:06 logging to https://www.w3.org/2023/12/21-rdf-star-irc 15:55:13 meeting: RDF-star Working Group Weekly Meeting 15:55:29 Agenda: https://www.w3.org/events/meetings/5ecc5c5f-5cd2-410c-b97c-6b13c6b843f1/20231221T110000/ 15:55:29 clear agenda 15:55:29 agenda+ Revisiting Use-Cases 15:55:29 agenda+ Discussion of Andy's post [1] and Souri's slides [2] 15:57:07 pfps has joined #rdf-star 15:57:41 Regrets: olaf, AZ, fsasaki 15:57:49 RRSAgent, draft minutes 15:57:50 I have made the request to generate https://www.w3.org/2023/12/21-rdf-star-minutes.html ktk 15:57:59 RRSAgent, make log public 15:58:30 present+ 15:59:41 pchampin has changed the topic to: RDF-star — 2023-12-21 Agenda: https://www.w3.org/events/meetings/5ecc5c5f-5cd2-410c-b97c-6b13c6b843f1/20231221T110000/ 16:00:56 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 16:01:15 present+ 16:01:22 present+ 16:02:03 Chair: ktk 16:02:48 scribe+ 16:02:54 zakim, who is here? 16:02:54 Present: ktk, gkellogg, Tpt 16:02:56 On IRC I see gkellogg, pfps, RRSAgent, Zakim, AndyS, Tpt, gb, AnthonySpencer, driib, ktk, Timothe, smoothsalt, joraboi445, VladimirAlexiev, SintayewGashaw, pchampin, gtw, csarven, 16:02:56 ... rhiaro, agendabot 16:03:55 Regrets+ Ora 16:03:59 zakim, next agendum 16:04:00 agendum 1 -- Revisiting Use-Cases -- taken up [from agendabot] 16:04:02 Souri has joined #rdf-star 16:04:09 present+ 16:04:15 present+ 16:04:19 tl has joined #rdf-star 16:04:26 https://github.com/w3c/rdf-ucr/wiki/Summary 16:04:29 present+ 16:04:42 niklasl has joined #rdf-star 16:04:45 present+ 16:04:46 present+ 16:04:54 pfps: I put in a pointer for the status of the use cases. 16:05:38 q? 16:05:39 ... In summary, there is an outlyer the group may not pick up about graphs. The others are agnostic about transparency, and many talk about occurrences. 16:05:41 q+ 16:05:47 q+ 16:05:50 ack AndyS 16:06:07 AndyS: Which ones work on triple terms? (vs occurrences?) 16:06:20 pfps: Those which require talking about the triples per-se. 16:06:25 enrico has joined #rdf-star 16:06:28 present+ 16:06:51 ... The Labeled PG and the Wiki use cases have multiple subject/predicat/objecet. They also want occurrences. 16:07:02 s/objecet/object/ 16:07:27 ... Provenance and annotations all require occurrences. 16:07:41 ... I don't know of any that require talking about the actual triple term. 16:08:22 pfps: the prov use cases require some abstraction from the original triple; they suffer from a problem similar to the seminal example. 16:08:37 ... It could be the term or an occurrence, which may be a matter of taste. 16:08:44 TallTed has joined #rdf-star 16:08:50 ... Prov UC don't need occurrences. 16:09:10 AndyS: So they can have different groups of triples to annotate the object. 16:09:30 pfps: It's often a bad idea to have two separate predicates that need to be used together to make a whole. 16:09:55 AndyS: Those with a notion of time (shop hours) 16:10:12 pfps: If you use something like start time and end time you need a stand-off triple. 16:10:30 AndyS: They also need a particular meaning of the triple. 16:10:46 ... You can't have a triple which globally asserts open times. 16:11:21 pfps: Wikidata has a similar problem, as many triples have temporal qualifiers. 16:11:31 q+ 16:11:46 ... If you want to know whats true right now, you need to understand the temporal qualifiers. 16:12:02 present+ 16:12:04 RRSAgent, draft minutes 16:12:05 I have made the request to generate https://www.w3.org/2023/12/21-rdf-star-minutes.html TallTed 16:12:16 ... That doesn't affect the formal meaning of RDF, though. A graph is a set of triples, and you can say that that set induces a set of possible worlds. 16:12:29 ... Relating a possible world to the actual world is a separate matter. 16:12:59 ... An asserted triple is true in our world throughout time and space, but there are other ways of mapping these possible worlds to the way we feel our world works. 16:13:47 AndyS: If you have a graph with some temporal assertion, and you assert more triples ... 16:14:09 pfps: Everything is monotonic. The graph says the way the world "could" be. 16:14:23 ... So the triple was true in some world at some time. 16:14:26 RRSAgent, make logs public 16:14:45 ... Adding qualifiers adds more information. Sounds monotonic, but formally, it's not. 16:15:04 q+ about wikidata rank and asserted triples 16:15:16 q+ to talk about wikidata rank and asserted triples 16:15:28 ... In CS, we do this all the time. It happens with arguments and results of formal functions, on one side it's monotonic, and on the other anti-monotonic. 16:15:44 ... Purists argue against this, but somehow we keep on. 16:15:53 q? 16:15:56 ack niklasl 16:15:57 s/outlyer/outlier/ 16:16:12 niklasl: Mostly agreeing with the assessment on the UCs. 16:16:42 s|Wiki use cases have multiple subject/predicat/object|Wikidata use cases have multiple subject/predicate/object| 16:17:11 ... Some of the prov examples (from biology) uses a possible stand-off predicate. If you're careful and have only one such annotation, it can work. The others commit the seminal problem. 16:17:31 ... The prov vocabulary uses past-tense to make it more clear that something has once been true. 16:17:50 ... E.g. "was derived from". 16:17:57 s/know whats true right now/know what's true right now/ 16:18:02 ack Tpt 16:18:02 Tpt, you wanted to talk about wikidata rank and asserted triples 16:18:05 RRSAgent, draft minutes 16:18:06 I have made the request to generate https://www.w3.org/2023/12/21-rdf-star-minutes.html TallTed 16:18:28 q+ 16:18:43 Tpt: Wikidata has a system built in to know if a triple should be asserted or not. Each occurrence can have a rank; the main triple is asserted only if the rank is sufficient. 16:19:11 q? 16:19:15 ... Only the latest U.S. President will have a full rank, and previous would have a lower rank. 16:19:39 pfps: The Liz Taylor/Dick Burton example has all relationships with the same rank. 16:19:46 q- 16:20:07 zakim, next agendum 16:20:07 agendum 2 -- Discussion of Andy's post [1] and Souri's slides -- taken up [from 2] 16:20:39 https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-star-wg/2023Dec/0033.html 16:21:16 AndyS: It starts out with a couple of objectives: exploring what edges are and taking the RDF model that triples are unique in a graph and how RDF merge works. 16:21:23 draggett has joined #rdf-star 16:21:35 ... It has occurrences used as edges, which gives you the grouping to keep information together. 16:22:02 ... We've had some proposals about not keeping triples unique, but it's pretty fundamental. 16:22:24 ... It also extends the notion that a triple on its own is abstract, but when put in a graph you're somehow using it. 16:22:38 ... So qualification can be different for the same triple in different graphs. 16:22:42 q? 16:22:42 +1 to these objectives 16:22:49 q+ 16:22:59 q- 16:23:11 subtopic: sourie's proposal https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-star-wg/2023Dec/att-0045/RDFn_Slides_Dec_14_2023.pdf 16:23:47 q+ 16:23:48 Souri: When we have an occurrence today we can either have them asserted or unasserted. 16:23:56 s/sourie's/Souri's/ 16:24:02 RRSAgent, draft minutes 16:24:03 I have made the request to generate https://www.w3.org/2023/12/21-rdf-star-minutes.html TallTed 16:24:49 q+ to answer to Souri with another question 16:25:01 ... (from slides), the example is of two occurrences of the Trump presidency. 16:25:13 ... The second one didn't happen, but can be claimed. 16:25:25 q+ 16:25:41 ... According the Trump, he won in 2020. Should we aim to be able to make such statements. 16:25:48 ack AndyS 16:26:25 AndyS: In my email, I was trying to split that out, to separate whether a triple is asserted or not. They come together in the annotation syntax. 16:26:54 ... In the annotation syntax, the triple is asserted. 16:27:06 pchampin: My reading is that the triples are asserted, not the occurrrences. 16:27:24 AndyS: Occurrences are resources; I'm not sure what it means to assert that. 16:28:03 Souri: We can get an ID for an occurrence; I could use that to make statement such that it is true. 16:28:39 q? 16:28:50 AndyS: I'm not sure what the difference between having an occurrence and making a statemenet about it, how that is different that putting the triple in the graph. 16:28:55 q+ 16:29:23 Souri: I think the capability is there, but it's done a different way. 16:29:33 s/Souri/AndyS/ 16:30:13 Souri: I have more slides to show how RDFn and RDF-star are quite close; it's a matter of what the user sees where we have a slight difference. 16:30:35 q 16:30:36 ... I'd like to see if we can give the user alternatives to use either style. 16:30:40 q+ 16:31:43 pchampin: In souri's example, the annotated triple said "Trump won election". 16:32:01 Souri: It was a presidential election that trump said he won. 16:32:13 pchampin: Is it the concept of an election or a specific election? 16:32:32 ... Depending on the meaning, I could agree with its being asserted, or not. 16:33:15 ... Triples are asserted, not occurrences. When we assert a triple we endorse some fact about the world. 16:33:44 ... We talk about occurrences as if it's one uniform type of thing, but this is not the case. Sometimes we want to talk about multiple things. 16:33:46 +1 for occurrences being what the users need them to be 16:34:47 ... It's true that Trump one some election, and the fact that he didn't win in 2020 does not make the triple false. 16:35:22 Souri: You'd like to have an event "Election 2020" and assert about that, rather than the abstract "election". 16:36:08 pchampin: There are cases where it's okay to present such a triple, but we need to be careful. 16:36:14 q+ 16:36:26 ... There could be different cases. 16:37:01 Souri: It's similar to talking about who one the world cup. What if "Trump won election" was not an asserted triple. 16:37:34 ... There could be something about 2016 and about 2020 and we could talk about them separately. 16:37:43 ack pchampin 16:37:43 pchampin, you wanted to answer to Souri with another question 16:38:18 Souri: I want to say something about the truthfulness about each individual edge. 16:39:07 ... I might talk about other fictional or true events. (Brazil wins world cup). 16:39:41 ... We talk about the assertion of a triple but not an occurrence. Is this a common occurence? 16:39:55 ... We should provide some way to do this easily and formally. 16:40:05 ack tl 16:40:08 q? 16:40:37 tl: We talked about different meanings. Is it asserted/endorsed or not? 16:40:56 ... We separate the triple from its assertion as the type exists only once in the data. 16:41:28 ... We have a gap to bridge; you have an annotation on a triple you don't want to endorse and something else may be asserted that changes your intention. 16:41:55 ... That's why I proposed having different properties to distinguish between the uses. 16:42:21 ... Maybe "quote" or "opaque". Endorsed or not, asserted or not. 16:42:45 ... There's a gap between the abstract triple and different assertions. 16:42:47 q+ 16:43:15 +1 to providing a way to describe the type of occurrence 16:43:42 niklasl: I understand that tl is describing and I think that is closer to the RDFn proposal than Andy's proposal. 16:44:11 ... They are all pretty close to each other; the main difference is that you might have a graph including another graph ... 16:44:17 tl: Not quite 16:44:49 niklasl: AndyS proposal is more "classic" RDF, as a triple is asserted if its in the graph. With assertions ... 16:45:08 tl: The annotation syntax works only for asserted triples. 16:45:32 ... The short-hand syntax should be easy. 16:45:39 ack niklasl 16:46:04 niklasl: I'm trying to get at the problem with the unasserted triple, how do you want that to work? Is there something that can be tweaked? 16:46:14 tl, in the latest proposal by Andy, the chevron syntax is also a shortcut, which is entirely symmetric to the annotation syntax, without the assertion 16:46:29 tl: I made a proposal for that with a predicate that determines if it is asserted or not through entailment. 16:47:06 niklasl: You could say that an occurrence is asserted and this is sort of what rank does in Wikidata. 16:47:46 ... I accept how things work with Andy's proposal. If an occurrence is said to be asserted, I assert it. 16:48:17 +1 to niklasl: occurrences are RDF resources; you can say whatever you want about them, using additional vocabularies, and leave this to the application level 16:48:25 ... Perhaps the annotation syntax adds such an assertion. 16:48:47 q? 16:49:01 ack pfps 16:49:28 q+ 16:49:37 pfps: Mostly on RDFn, but my issue is that we have a number of "proto-proposals" and I can't really distinguish between the quality of each (mostly RDFn) 16:49:54 ... I'd like to break that down, and I can't really tell if they're the same or not. 16:50:23 enrico: The discussion so far makes me think that types should not exist. 16:50:59 ... If we consider "John" being a "Person", I assert John, but I don't assert Person. 16:51:20 ... What does it mean that two people marry. When, Where, Now or in the past. 16:51:22 q+ 16:51:32 ... The problem of RDF is that we ... 16:51:57 ... A triple I want to annotate is not something which is true. 16:52:37 ... Its an n-ary relation I want to assert something about. 16:52:37 ... If you leave out the additional attributes, it's meaningless, its just a type. 16:52:56 ... Types are a way to refer to things. They're not something themselves. 16:53:28 ... You need an objective function. Only one type but multiple triples. 16:53:33 q? 16:53:40 ... This makes the RDF job harder as you need different types of things. 16:54:12 q+ 16:54:16 ... Types should not be explicit elements in the abstract syntax, and don't have a semantics per-se. 16:54:37 ... You may want to say something about the class Person. 16:55:07 ... At that point, it becomes a resource about which I can make further assertions. 16:55:07 ack enrico 16:55:50 q- 16:55:55 ... Andy's thing is fine, but in the abstract syntax you have occurrences that have types. The meaning is not the syntactic triple itself. 16:56:29 ... It may be that the triple type is equivalent to another. 16:56:40 ... My perception is that types should not be there. 16:56:43 ack Souri 16:57:19 Souri: I have a couple of slides that I might present that could clarify things. 16:57:22 An RDFn graph is a set of tuples, where n is the "triple-name" component. Some of the tuples represent triples and rest of the tuples represent occurrences. 16:58:02 AndyS: I'm not quite clear about the use of the word "type" if it's an rdfs:Class. I don't think a triple term is the same kind of type. 16:58:23 ... The type is rdf:Triple, it's not the type the triple is representing. 16:58:45 ack AndyS 16:58:46 ... I didn't put types in as rdfs:Classes, and I don't really know what the answer is. I'm not sure the type/token distinction applies. 16:59:24 ... With any of the ideas where properties have side-effects, are the proposals saying this works in N-Triples? Up until now, N-Triples has been a direct form. 16:59:43 ... If some triples have side-effects, we've made a large change. 17:00:03 ... Right now Turtle can incorporate N-Triples. 17:00:09 scribe+ 17:00:11 scribe- 17:00:12 ack tl 17:00:44 tl: To Andy's last point: good question, I don't know what the solution is. 17:00:47 q+ +1 on not having "side-effects" (of course, optional entailment can do more...) 17:00:49 present+ 17:00:52 ... With entailment, I guess it would not be a problem. 17:01:25 q? 17:01:28 ack +1 17:01:28 +1, you wanted to comment on not having "side-effects" (of course, optional entailment can do more...) 17:01:32 ... To Enrico, I like what you are saying. Reminds me of Pat Hayes' email to the RDF 1.1 WG, that niklasl mentioned. 17:01:35 q- +1 17:02:00 ... On the other hand, when we talk about types in RDF, we are really talking about deduplication, early optimization. 17:02:17 ... We are not just talking about the type, we are talking about similarity between occurrences. 17:02:46 q+ 17:02:55 ... I understand that the definitions are in line with what is usually done in logic, but it creates difficulties in understanding. 17:02:56 ack niklasl 17:03:28 niklasl: When we say "type of triple", I think of "pattern of triple". 17:04:09 ... I'm thinking about Andy's proposal, how it can work with triples only in the object position. 17:04:48 ... Also thinking about using a literal in the object position to describe the triple. 17:05:42 ... I'm not sure where to put my energy now. 17:06:02 ... I like that Andy's position does not require us to put triple terms in triple terms, mitigating the complexity. 17:06:27 q? 17:06:37 ... Similarity with Notation3 -- I think about it a lot, even if it is out of scope for this group. 17:07:07 [Souri presents slides] 17:07:34 Souri: I wanted to explore the relation between RDFn and RDF-star 17:08:46 ... In RDFn, the triple itself is named in the rdft: namespace, with a suffix computed from (s, p, o) 17:09:05 ... Occurrences are named with custom identifiers. 17:09:43 ... (next slide) 17:11:01 ... [describes Andy's proposal using the same figure] 17:11:16 q+ 17:12:02 ... As niklasl said earlier, I'm concerned about the ability to embed triple terms in triple terms 17:13:18 ... That's where I'm coming from: some people don't like the quoted triples. 17:13:22 q+ 17:13:34 ack tl 17:13:57 tl: I don't like the possibility of generating a name from s, p, o . 17:14:17 ... Rather use a fresh blank node at each occurrence. 17:14:40 ... Talking about the meta-level (the type) should be explicit. 17:15:03 Souri: the generation of the name is to provide the unicity of the triple. 17:15:51 q+ 17:16:21 ... (something about preventing occurrence names to be used as predicates) 17:18:33 ... the generated rdft: identifier allows the parser to determine that we are talking about the triple. Let's talk offline. 17:19:05 niklasl: I would like Andy's proposal to be the same as what you are proposing, but I'm not sure. 17:19:18 ... In your proposal, can triples and occurrences both be asserted? 17:19:39 Souri: I'm storing whether the triple is asserted or not. 17:19:47 ... The occurrence is only referring to the triple. 17:20:47 ack niklasl 17:20:49 ... Like AndyS said, it is useful to come back to N-Triples. 17:20:59 q+ 17:21:07 ... (shows example of RDFn-N-Triples in slide) 17:22:12 niklasl: AndyS, is it correct that your proposal does not require triple terms in triple terms? 17:22:37 AndyS: that would still be possible 17:23:07 Souri: isn't it a requirement that you are able to also talk about the triple itself? 17:23:57 AndyS: what I wrote was: we would not allow the shortcut syntax of occurrences inside triple terms. 17:24:58 q+ 17:25:20 ... In N-Triples anyway, the shortcut syntax does not exist and is replaced with the rdf:occurrenceOf triple. 17:26:12 Souri: In N-Triples for RDF-star, we can only use rdf:occurrenceOf followed by a triple term that may contain the name of another triple. 17:26:15 q- 17:27:00 AndyS: we can't rule out that someone takes RDF 1.2 to make assertions about assertions. 17:27:24 Souri: what I wanted to say was that those things are very close to each other. 17:27:51 I again dispute this a version of RDF based on multi-graphs is very different from one based on regular graphs. 17:28:29 ... As long as we have an N-Triples serialization to associate a name to a triple... 17:28:34 q? 17:28:53 q+ 17:29:03 ack pchampin 17:29:58 q+ 17:30:22 pchampin: I see convergence between Souri's proposal and AndyS's proposal. 17:30:35 ... To pfps: do you consider AndyS's proposal sufficiently described? 17:31:12 q+ 17:31:14 q+ 17:31:21 pfps: AndyS's proposal is not too bad, because there is not too much in it. It reuses things described before. 17:32:09 ... One problem with the RDFn is that I don't know what the names of triples are. Are they a new thing? Can they by IRIs? Lirerals? 17:32:38 Souri: very quicky: they are special IRIs. 17:32:50 pfps: you have to tell me what a "specia IRI" is. 17:32:55 an EBNF of RDFn would likely answer all our questions ... but certainly would be very formal. 17:33:16 Souri: just like 'rdf:' IRIs 17:33:40 pfps: ok, so special IRIs are IRIs in a particular namespace. Are they forbidden for use elsewhere? 17:33:50 ... All this need to be written down in a document, so that we can look at it. 17:34:15 ack gkellogg 17:34:28 gkellogg: in my interpretation of Souri's slide: the difference between a triple type and an occurrence is determined by their name 17:34:47 ... this is very unlike RDF. Names in RDF have no meaning. 17:35:08 ... In AndyS' proposal, triple types do not have name, hence the need for recursion. 17:35:10 q+ 17:35:50 ... AndyS's proposal leverages what we have already worked on. 17:36:00 ack niklasl 17:36:49 niklasl: if you interpret occurrences from a LPG point of view, they are edges. 17:36:49 thanks gkellogg 17:37:00 and happy holidays 17:37:15 q+ 17:37:41 <<:s :p :o >> :p1 :z ; :p2 "abc" . 17:37:45 q? 17:37:46 q- 17:37:47 ... I see an opportunity in the fact that the same name can be declared as occurrence of several triples. 17:37:51 q+ 17:38:00 ... May be not ready to represent graphs right now, but a good opportunity. 17:38:19 enrico: we still needs at least a hint about the semantics for this proposal. 17:38:31 q- 17:38:32 ... Once we start working on this we may realize some proplems. 17:38:52 ... The triple occurrence is some kind of shortcut for the triple term. 17:38:58 ... Why not the other way around? 17:39:42 ... Allowing triple terms in any position would be too extreme. But restricting them in the object position of some predicate is weird. 17:39:46 ack enrico 17:40:19 AndyS: if we have only occurrences, we need a way to know what are its the subject, predicate, object 17:41:43 q+ 17:42:42 ack pchampin 17:43:12 pchampin: to Enrico: my proposal to restrict triple terms to only some predicates was only a *profuke 17:43:25 s/profuke/profile*, not a core constraint 17:44:13 ... about the complexity of triple terms: if they are to be extended later to graph terms, then the complexity should not be considered an issue 17:44:28 tl: we need graph terms in this version of RDF, otherwise somebody else will do it. 17:45:39 q? 17:45:41 ack tl 17:45:46 ... Some triples stores may have not much use for triple terms. They may implement the shortcut syntax using reification. 17:46:37 ... The shortcut syntax should be in the core and mapped to standard reification, with additional mappings to triple terms and graph terms. 17:47:20 ... The RDF 1.1 worked hard on named graphs and came up with a description of the problems. I think we can solve them. 17:47:48 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 17:47:51 ... If no one answers to my counter-arguments on the mailing list, there is nothing more to do. 17:48:39 niklasl: I'm equaly concerned with the complexity of graph terms than with that of triple terms. 17:48:50 ... I have been advocating for blank graphs, different. 17:49:00 s/blank/blank named/ 17:49:17 ack niklasl 17:49:31 ... (something about named graphs) 17:49:45 ... I like the idea of typing annotations with rdf:Assertion . 17:50:09 ... I like the idea of restricting the recursiveness. 17:50:39 ... I'm less concerned about the recursiveness in the object position. 17:50:42 q+ 17:51:45 ... To be discussed in the semantics TF. 17:52:08 AndyS: if there is a TF discussion, there needs to be feedback to the group. 17:52:41 ack pchampin 17:55:25 q+ 17:57:11 pchampin: my take away is that: 17:57:17 Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to everyone! 17:57:24 ... we are generally agreeing on the concrete syntax proposed by AndyS, focusing on occurrences 17:57:45 what is the difference between a nested triple term and graph term? 17:57:53 Thank you all! 17:58:13 ... we need to decide how, in the abstract syntax, to relate occurrences to what they are ocuurences of 17:58:25 ... could be via triple terms, via standard reification 17:58:57 ... but some of us would prefer if it didn't involve recursive structure 17:59:06 pfps has left #rdf-star 17:59:09 ... (triple terms could be restricted to only contain "atomic" terms) 17:59:59 RRSAgent, make minutes 18:00:00 I have made the request to generate https://www.w3.org/2023/12/21-rdf-star-minutes.html pchampin 18:42:52 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 19:01:12 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 19:36:13 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 19:45:36 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 20:30:24 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 20:54:11 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 21:30:30 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 21:31:00 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 21:35:08 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 21:41:45 driib has joined #rdf-star 22:19:13 driib has joined #rdf-star 23:00:39 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 23:29:57 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star 23:53:11 gkellogg has joined #rdf-star previous meeting: https://www.w3.org/2023/12/14-rdf-star-minutes.html next meeting: https://www.w3.org/2024/01/04-rdf-star-minutes.html